

Grammar


Tenses


Present

Present Simple

Present Continuous

Present Perfect

Present Perfect Continuous


Past

Past Simple

Past Continuous

Past Perfect

Past Perfect Continuous


Future

Future Simple

Future Continuous

Future Perfect

Future Perfect Continuous


Parts Of Speech


Nouns

Countable and uncountable nouns

Verbal nouns

Singular and Plural nouns

Proper nouns

Nouns gender

Nouns definition

Concrete nouns

Abstract nouns

Common nouns

Collective nouns

Definition Of Nouns

Animate and Inanimate nouns

Nouns


Verbs

Stative and dynamic verbs

Finite and nonfinite verbs

To be verbs

Transitive and intransitive verbs

Auxiliary verbs

Modal verbs

Regular and irregular verbs

Action verbs

Verbs


Adverbs

Relative adverbs

Interrogative adverbs

Adverbs of time

Adverbs of place

Adverbs of reason

Adverbs of quantity

Adverbs of manner

Adverbs of frequency

Adverbs of affirmation

Adverbs


Adjectives

Quantitative adjective

Proper adjective

Possessive adjective

Numeral adjective

Interrogative adjective

Distributive adjective

Descriptive adjective

Demonstrative adjective


Pronouns

Subject pronoun

Relative pronoun

Reflexive pronoun

Reciprocal pronoun

Possessive pronoun

Personal pronoun

Interrogative pronoun

Indefinite pronoun

Emphatic pronoun

Distributive pronoun

Demonstrative pronoun

Pronouns


Pre Position


Preposition by function

Time preposition

Reason preposition

Possession preposition

Place preposition

Phrases preposition

Origin preposition

Measure preposition

Direction preposition

Contrast preposition

Agent preposition


Preposition by construction

Simple preposition

Phrase preposition

Double preposition

Compound preposition

prepositions


Conjunctions

Subordinating conjunction

Correlative conjunction

Coordinating conjunction

Conjunctive adverbs

conjunctions


Interjections

Express calling interjection

Phrases

Sentences


Grammar Rules

Passive and Active

Preference

Requests and offers

wishes

Be used to

Some and any

Could have done

Describing people

Giving advices

Possession

Comparative and superlative

Giving Reason

Making Suggestions

Apologizing

Forming questions

Since and for

Directions

Obligation

Adverbials

invitation

Articles

Imaginary condition

Zero conditional

First conditional

Second conditional

Third conditional

Reported speech

Demonstratives

Determiners


Linguistics

Phonetics

Phonology

Linguistics fields

Syntax

Morphology

Semantics

pragmatics

History

Writing

Grammar

Phonetics and Phonology

Semiotics


Reading Comprehension

Elementary

Intermediate

Advanced


Teaching Methods

Teaching Strategies

Assessment
Vowels
المؤلف:
Renée Blake
المصدر:
A Handbook Of Varieties Of English Phonology
الجزء والصفحة:
505-29
2024-04-12
1243
Vowels
Unlike what is found for some popular CEC speech, TRAP and LOT are not merged in Bajan. However, the vowels of LOT, CLOTH and THOUGHT are generally merged like in many rhotic accents. While CLOTH always appears to be rounded, this feature is variably manifested as unrounded for LOT and THOUGHT. Realization of FACE may vary by region and education/class. In the speech of urban and more educated speakers of Bajan, FACE is generally realized as monophthongal [e:], although it appears that, more recently, Long Mid Diphthonging has become productive in the language, adding a closing offglide to the long mid vowel [ei]. FACE is manifested in rural and uneducated speech with the more open and lower monophthongal variant [ε]. While Wells (1982: 584) notes that the alternating variant may be the centering diphthong [eə], I suggest that it is rather the opening diphthong [ɪε], common in popular CEC speech. GOAT, on the other hand, while traditionally monophthongal in Bajan, appears to be moving towards the centring diphthong [oə]. Like STRUT, the first element of the PRICE diphthong is generally half-open and unrounded [Λ] (although Wells provides a broader range between [Λ] and [ə]). Highly educated speakers may have the more fronted open [a] as the first element of this diphthong. CHOICE is variably manifested as [Λɪ] and [oi], the latter viewed as markedly Bajan for this lexical class by neighboring CEC speakers. The first element of the MOUTH diphthong appears to be slightly more rounded than [Λ], although not to the extent of [ɔ]. START, BATH and PALM are in the same phonetic class, realized as the relatively front unrounded [a]. In other rhotic environments, NEAR and SQUARE are merged, and NORTH and FORCE are phonemically distinct, although FORCE and CURE are manifested as the pure variant of GOAT.
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قسم الشؤون الفكرية يصدر كتاباً يوثق تاريخ السدانة في العتبة العباسية المقدسة
"المهمة".. إصدار قصصي يوثّق القصص الفائزة في مسابقة فتوى الدفاع المقدسة للقصة القصيرة
(نوافذ).. إصدار أدبي يوثق القصص الفائزة في مسابقة الإمام العسكري (عليه السلام)