Absorption of Gases by Liquids
المؤلف:
GEORGE A. HOADLEY
المصدر:
ESSENTIALS OF PHYSICS
الجزء والصفحة:
p-186
2025-11-12
36
Liquids also absorb gases more or less freely. The bubbles of air rising from a glass of water when it is placed under the receiver of an air pump and the air is exhausted, afford evidence that air is absorbed by water. It is on account of the absorbed air that fish are able to live in water. Water at normal pressure and temperature absorbs nearly twice its volume of carbon dioxide and more than a thousand times its volume of ammonia gas.
Demonstration. -Fit two flasks with rubber stoppers, one having two holes and the other one (Fig. 1). Draw out a glass tube to a jet and thrust it into the upper flask A after having filled A with ammonia gas. Thrust two tubes of the forms shown in the figure through the other stopper. Fill the lower flask B nearly full with a solution of litmus reddened with a few drops of acid. Press in the stopper and connect the two straight tubes with a short piece of rubber tubing having a clamp at C. Loosen C and force a little water into A by blowing through the pipe D, and the water will continue to flow until the flask A is nearly full. The quantity of water that goes into A will measure roughly the gas absorbed. Notice the change in the color of the water in A. What proof is there that there was not a vacuum in the upper flask?
The escape of bubbles from water under the receiver of an air pump not only proves the existence of the absorbed air, but also proves that the amount absorbed depends upon the pressure. This fact is made use of in charging a soda fountain. This is done by letting a quantity of carbon dioxide flow from a high-pressure tank into a cylinder partly filled with water, and rocking the cylinder vigorously until the gas is absorbed. The large amount of gas absorbed under pressure is shown by the effervescence of the water when it is drawn out into a glass.
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