Grammar
Tenses
Present
Present Simple
Present Continuous
Present Perfect
Present Perfect Continuous
Past
Past Simple
Past Continuous
Past Perfect
Past Perfect Continuous
Future
Future Simple
Future Continuous
Future Perfect
Future Perfect Continuous
Parts Of Speech
Nouns
Countable and uncountable nouns
Verbal nouns
Singular and Plural nouns
Proper nouns
Nouns gender
Nouns definition
Concrete nouns
Abstract nouns
Common nouns
Collective nouns
Definition Of Nouns
Animate and Inanimate nouns
Nouns
Verbs
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Finite and nonfinite verbs
To be verbs
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Auxiliary verbs
Modal verbs
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Verbs
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Adverbs of time
Adverbs of place
Adverbs of reason
Adverbs of quantity
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Adverbs of affirmation
Adverbs
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Quantitative adjective
Proper adjective
Possessive adjective
Numeral adjective
Interrogative adjective
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Descriptive adjective
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Subject pronoun
Relative pronoun
Reflexive pronoun
Reciprocal pronoun
Possessive pronoun
Personal pronoun
Interrogative pronoun
Indefinite pronoun
Emphatic pronoun
Distributive pronoun
Demonstrative pronoun
Pronouns
Pre Position
Preposition by function
Time preposition
Reason preposition
Possession preposition
Place preposition
Phrases preposition
Origin preposition
Measure preposition
Direction preposition
Contrast preposition
Agent preposition
Preposition by construction
Simple preposition
Phrase preposition
Double preposition
Compound preposition
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Subordinating conjunction
Correlative conjunction
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Express calling interjection
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Sentences
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Requests and offers
wishes
Be used to
Some and any
Could have done
Describing people
Giving advices
Possession
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Giving Reason
Making Suggestions
Apologizing
Forming questions
Since and for
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Adverbials
invitation
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Imaginary condition
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Linguistics
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The vernaculars
المؤلف:
Christine Jourdan and Rachel Selbach
المصدر:
A Handbook Of Varieties Of English Phonology
الجزء والصفحة:
697-39
2024-04-27
1186
+
-
20
The vernaculars
Vernacular refers to the languages that were present in the Solomon Islands before the arrival of the Europeans. Vernacular languages continue to be spoken in rural areas as well as in the capital Honiara, there often as a first but not as a main language. They were thus present before, during and after the formation of Pijin, and their influence on the new language continues to be felt. The pronunciation of Pijin is remarkable in that it resembles very much the pronunciation of these vernacular languages. This indicates that speakers tend to apply to Pijin the phonological rules that govern their own vernaculars. While keeping to vernacular sound patterns, lexemes derived from English must be reshaped in order to be accommodated, often in different ways by speakers of different vernaculars. This pattern explains in part the differences that exist between speakers, according to their islands of origin, or according to the vernacular they speak.
The variable influence of the vernaculars takes at least three different forms:
a. phonological substitution;
b. insertion of epenthetic vowels;
c. addition of final vowels
الاكثر قراءة في Phonology
اخر الاخبار
اخبار العتبة العباسية المقدسة
الآخبار الصحية
مواضيع ذات صلة
قسم الشؤون الفكرية يصدر كتاباً يوثق تاريخ السدانة في العتبة العباسية المقدسة
"المهمة".. إصدار قصصي يوثّق القصص الفائزة في مسابقة فتوى الدفاع المقدسة للقصة القصيرة
(نوافذ).. إصدار أدبي يوثق القصص الفائزة في مسابقة الإمام العسكري (عليه السلام)
