

Grammar


Tenses


Present

Present Simple

Present Continuous

Present Perfect

Present Perfect Continuous


Past

Past Simple

Past Continuous

Past Perfect

Past Perfect Continuous


Future

Future Simple

Future Continuous

Future Perfect

Future Perfect Continuous


Parts Of Speech


Nouns

Countable and uncountable nouns

Verbal nouns

Singular and Plural nouns

Proper nouns

Nouns gender

Nouns definition

Concrete nouns

Abstract nouns

Common nouns

Collective nouns

Definition Of Nouns

Animate and Inanimate nouns

Nouns


Verbs

Stative and dynamic verbs

Finite and nonfinite verbs

To be verbs

Transitive and intransitive verbs

Auxiliary verbs

Modal verbs

Regular and irregular verbs

Action verbs

Verbs


Adverbs

Relative adverbs

Interrogative adverbs

Adverbs of time

Adverbs of place

Adverbs of reason

Adverbs of quantity

Adverbs of manner

Adverbs of frequency

Adverbs of affirmation

Adverbs


Adjectives

Quantitative adjective

Proper adjective

Possessive adjective

Numeral adjective

Interrogative adjective

Distributive adjective

Descriptive adjective

Demonstrative adjective


Pronouns

Subject pronoun

Relative pronoun

Reflexive pronoun

Reciprocal pronoun

Possessive pronoun

Personal pronoun

Interrogative pronoun

Indefinite pronoun

Emphatic pronoun

Distributive pronoun

Demonstrative pronoun

Pronouns


Pre Position


Preposition by function

Time preposition

Reason preposition

Possession preposition

Place preposition

Phrases preposition

Origin preposition

Measure preposition

Direction preposition

Contrast preposition

Agent preposition


Preposition by construction

Simple preposition

Phrase preposition

Double preposition

Compound preposition

prepositions


Conjunctions

Subordinating conjunction

Correlative conjunction

Coordinating conjunction

Conjunctive adverbs

conjunctions


Interjections

Express calling interjection

Phrases

Sentences


Grammar Rules

Passive and Active

Preference

Requests and offers

wishes

Be used to

Some and any

Could have done

Describing people

Giving advices

Possession

Comparative and superlative

Giving Reason

Making Suggestions

Apologizing

Forming questions

Since and for

Directions

Obligation

Adverbials

invitation

Articles

Imaginary condition

Zero conditional

First conditional

Second conditional

Third conditional

Reported speech

Demonstratives

Determiners


Linguistics

Phonetics

Phonology

Linguistics fields

Syntax

Morphology

Semantics

pragmatics

History

Writing

Grammar

Phonetics and Phonology

Semiotics


Reading Comprehension

Elementary

Intermediate

Advanced


Teaching Methods

Teaching Strategies

Assessment
More on the keyword transcriptions
المؤلف:
Richard Ogden
المصدر:
An Introduction to English Phonetics
الجزء والصفحة:
68-5
22-6-2022
1090
More on the keyword transcriptions
The varieties represented in Table 5.2 and subsequent vowel charts are all taken from ‘Illustrations of the IPA’ (see Further Reading, p. 76), showing how the principles of the IPA can be adopted to transcribe and describe languages. The ‘Illustrations’ are short and easy to read, and they contain a variety of transcription choices.
The RP transcription uses symbols which reflect the preferences of teachers of English as a Foreign Language; simple symbols are used (such as [e] rather than [ε]) but the symbol [æ] is used (rather than simpler [a]) because it reminds students that the front open vowel in RP is closer than [a] in e.g. many European languages. The Tyneside transcription makes for an interesting contrast with RP: note the different distribution of vowels shown up by the keyword system, such as the vowels of STRUT and BATH, of FACE and GOAT, and of words like NEAR and CURE.
The system used for American English here is one of four presented in the Handbook of the IPA (IPA, 1999). This system marks both vowel quality and vowel length, so it is more detailed and less simple than it need be. For instance, the pair ‘bead’ – ‘bid’ is transcribed [i: I], rather than e.g. [i: i] or [i I], which also capture the distinction.
Transcriptions of Australian English were traditionally based on transcriptions of RP. The one presented here attempts to capture the quality of Australian vowels rather than using RP as a model. New Zealand English is subtly different from Australian English, and this can be seen in the choice of transcription symbols for New Zealand, which are rather faithful to the phonetic detail.
الاكثر قراءة في Phonetics
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اخبار العتبة العباسية المقدسة
الآخبار الصحية

قسم الشؤون الفكرية يصدر كتاباً يوثق تاريخ السدانة في العتبة العباسية المقدسة
"المهمة".. إصدار قصصي يوثّق القصص الفائزة في مسابقة فتوى الدفاع المقدسة للقصة القصيرة
(نوافذ).. إصدار أدبي يوثق القصص الفائزة في مسابقة الإمام العسكري (عليه السلام)