Critical Temperature
المؤلف:
GEORGE A. HOADLEY
المصدر:
ESSENTIALS OF PHYSICS
الجزء والصفحة:
P-277
2025-12-27
487
The pressure required to reduce a gas to a liquid increase as the temperature rises. Moreover, there is for every gas a temperature above which it cannot be liquefied, however great the pressure. This temperature is called the critical temperature.
Figure 1 is a graphical representation of the relation between the pressure, temperature, and physical state of ammonia*. This shows that ammonia can be reduced from a gas to a liquid by pressures varying from 115 atmospheres at the critical temperature, 130°, to 1 atmosphere when the temperature is reduced to - 33°. It also shows that ammonia can be reduced to a liquid at the ordinary temperature of the air by pressure alone.
*Sometimes called ammonia gas. The liquid "ammonia" in common use is really ammonia water; that is, water that has absorbed much ammonia.
FIG. 1 - Physical State of Ammonia
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