Type of test Blood

Normal findings

 5.3-12.4 dynes/cm²

Possible critical value

 > 12.4 dynes/cm²

Test explanation and related physiology

 Hemostasis is a balanced process in which the blood forms localized clots when the integrity of the vascular system is breeched. Trauma, infection, and inflammation all activate the blood’s clotting system, which depends on the interaction of two separate systems: enzymatic proteins (clotting factors, intrinsic and extrinsic systems; see Figure 1) and platelets. The two systems work in concert to plug defects in the broken vessels. The clots that form in this process need to be of sufficient strength to resist dislodgement. If a particular clotting factor is dysfunctional or absent, as in hemophilia, an insufficient amount of fibrin forms. Similarly, massive consumption of clotting factors in a trauma situation decreases the amount of fibrin formed. Inadequate numbers of platelets resulting from trauma, surgery, or chemotherapy also decrease plate let aggregation, as do genetic disorders, uremia, or medication therapy. Ultimately, reduced fibrin formation or platelet aggregation results in clots of inadequate tensile strength. This hypocoagulable state is associated with excessive bleeding. Conversely, endothelial injury, stasis, cancer, genetic diseases, or other hypercoagulable states lead to thrombosis formation, causing thromboembolic events.

Fig1. Simplified enzymatic cascade of fibrin clot formation.

This test is used to identify patients who are hypercoagulable and may experience a thromboembolic phenomenon when immobile (e.g., after surgery or trauma). It is particularly helpful in cardiac surgery and liver transplantation. It is also used to determine hyperfibrinolysis. This test can evaluate platelet function and determine the percent of platelet inhibition instigated by drugs such as heparin, aspirin, and antiplatelet drugs (Plavix, Ticlid).

Interfering factors

* Drugs that may cause decreased thromboelastography include antiplatelet drugs (e.g., ticlopidine), some antibiotics, aspirin, beta-blockers, clofibrate, dextran, ethanol, heparin, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, phenothiazines, theophylline, tricyclics, and warfarin sodium (Coumadin).

 Procedure and patient care

• See inside front cover for Routine Blood Testing.

• Fasting: no

 • Blood tube commonly used: red

• If the patient is receiving any drugs that may interfere with normal coagulation or has any diseases such as jaundice, hyperlipidemia, or hemolysis, this should be listed on the laboratory request slip.

• Immediately transfer the specimen to the laboratory.

• Remember that abnormalities in platelet aggregation can pro long bleeding time, and a significant hematoma at the venipuncture site may occur.

Abnormal findings

 Hypocoagulability

- Factor deficiency

- Anticoagulation

- Thrombocytopenia

- Platelet function abnormalities

- Increased fibrinolysis

 Hypercoagulability

- Factor V Leiden abnormality

- Protein S/C abnormality

- Genetic hypercoagulability

- Idiopathic hypercoagulability

اخر الاخبار

اخبار العتبة العباسية المقدسة

اللجنة المنظّمة: مهرجان رحمةً للعالمين يسعى لإحياء مبدأ التعايش السلمي والحوار الحضاري

ضمن فعاليات مهرجان رحمة للعالمين.. افتتاح معرض للكتاب في منطقة بين الحرمين الشريفين

مهرجان رحمة للعالمين يشهد إطلاق طابع بريدي تذكاري بمرور 1500 عام على المولد النبوي

عرض فيلم وثائقي يتناول جزءًا من سيرة النبيّ (صلّى الله عليه وآله) ضمن فعّاليات مهرجان رحمةً للعالمين

المزيد

الآخبار الصحية

تحذير من الإفراط في شربها.. متى تصبح الماتشا خطيرة؟

من بناء العضلات إلى "تسميم الجسم".. الوجه الآخر للبروتين ؟

دراسة جديدة: مخ الانسان يغتسل أثناء النوم

هل من الآمن شرب القهوة على معدة فارغة؟

المزيد

الآخبار التكنلوجية

مزايا مرآة الرؤية الخلفية ذاتية التعتيم في السيارات

دراسة.. كوكب غريب أمد الأرض بمقومات الحياة !

يهدد عرش هوليود.. أول فيلم رسوم متحركة بالذكاء الاصطناعي

أكبر تغيير منذ سنوات.. هل تكشف أبل النقاب عن "iPhone Air"؟

المزيد

مواضيع ذات صلة

throat and nose cultures

testosterone (Dihydrotestosterone [DHT])

Biomarkers of Stroke

Soluble IL-33 Receptor (sST2)

syphilis detection test (Serologic test for syphilis [STS], Venereal Disease Research Laboratory [VDRL], Rapid plasma reagin [RPR], Fluorescent treponemal antibody test [FTA])

sweat test (Sweat electrolyte test, Sweat chloride test, Sweat conductivity test, Iontophoretic sweat test)

substance abuse testing (Urine drug testing, Drug testing, Drug screening, Toxicology screening)

Streptococcus serologic testing (Antistreptolysin O titer [ASO], Antideoxyribonuclease-B titer, [Anti-DNase-B, ADNase-B, ADB], Streptococcus group B antigen detection, Streptozyme)

Galectin-3

Biomarkers of Collagen Synthesis and Degradation

Cardiac Fibrosis

stool for leukocytes (White blood cell stool test, Fecal leukocyte stain, Stool for white cells)