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2023-07-05 
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With depths of more than a mile, the 25-million-year-old Lake Baikal is the most voluminous freshwater lake on the planet — and it’s home to a variety of unique and mysterious creatures.
Located in Siberia, Lake Baikal is natural wonder known for its crystalline-colored waters. It is the largest freshwater lake on the planet by volume, containing approximately 20 percent of the Earth’s freshwater, and it is the oldest lake in the world at about 25 million years old.
Lake Baikal is considered one of the clearest bodies of water on Earth because when it freezes during the winter, large shards of transparent ice form on its surface, making it appear turquoise.
What Makes The Ice So Turquoise?
Beautiful though the water of Lake Baikal is, it is incredibly difficult to reach as it is covered by an ice sheet that can measure more than 80 inches thick. This protective layer blankets the lake for five months out of the year beginning in January.
In fact, the ice bed can become so thick that vehicles have no issues driving on it. Every year, the annual Baikal Ice Marathon is held on its rock-hard surface, where runners from around the globe come to participate in one of the world's most extreme tests of endurance.
Lake Baikal's healthy waters give off a turquoise gem-like color when it freezes into ice, making it a sight to behold. As Russian photographer Alexey Trofimov puts it, Lake Baikal is like a "gem that does not need to be cut." Not only does the water form into ice, it also creates unique shard-like structures on its surface called "hummocks."
These hummocks are essentially ice splinters that form when the heavy winds around the lake push the waters into waves which then freeze into these turquoise blocks. These ice splinters can form as high as 32 to 39 feet.
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